損う

I

そこなう【損う】

〔壊す〕 break; destroy; 〔害する〕 harm; hurt; injure; damage; impair; vitiate; 〔台無しにする〕 mar; spoil; ruin; 〔減じる; 落とす〕 detract [take] from….

●器物を損う damage an article

・健康を損う ruin [lose] one's health

・感情を損う hurt sb's feelings; hurt [offend] sb

・美観を損う mar [injure] the beauty 《of…》

・景観を損う spoil the view

・風味を損う spoil the taste

・秩序を損わない範囲で within limits that do not harm public order

・人間関係を損わないようにふるまう behave so as not to harm personal relations

・一兵も損わずに帰還する return home without losing a single soldier [any casualties].

●彼の信用は少しも損われなかった. His credibility was not shaken [impaired] at all.

II

-そこなう【-損う】

〔…できずに終わる〕 fail to do; miss doing; 〔間違って…する〕 do amiss; make a mistake [an error] in doing; 〔機会を逃す〕 miss an opportunity to do.

●講演を聞き[列車に乗り]そこなう miss a lecture [train]

・賞品を取りそこなう fail to win the prize

・昇進しそこなう fail to be promoted

・当てそこなう guess wrong; make a bad guess

・言い[書き]そこなう make a slip of the tongue [pen]

・死にそこなう escape death; barely survive.

●僕は留学し損ったんです. I (just) missed a chance of going to study abroad.